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Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses improve resolution of genes and pathways influencing lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk

Lung-function impairment underlies chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and predicts mortality. In the largest multi-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of lung function to date, comprising 580,869 participants, we identified 1,020 independent association signals implicating 559 genes supported by ≥2 criteria from a systematic variant-to-gene mapping framework. These genes were enriched in 29 pathways. Individual variants showed heterogeneity across ancestries, age and smoking groups, and collectively as a genetic risk score showed strong association with COPD across ancestry groups.

Ventilatory response and stability of oxygen saturation during a hypoxic challenge in very preterm infants

Preterm infants have immature control of breathing and impaired pulmonary gas exchange. We hypothesized that infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have a blunted ventilatory response and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) instability during a hypoxic challenge.

The ventilatory response to hypoxia is blunted in some preterm infants during the second year of life

Preterm birth and subsequent neonatal ventilatory treatment disrupts development of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). An attenuated HVR has been identified in preterm neonates, however it is unknown whether the attenuation persists into the second year of life.

Living with lung disease: experimental models to assess the long-term effects of prematurity

Laboratory models provide an important tool in helping to understand the cellular and molecular drivers of respiratory disease. Many animal models exist that model the neonatal outcomes of preterm birth.

Longitudinal effects of prenatal exposure to plastic-derived chemicals and their metabolites on asthma and lung function from childhood into adulthood

Environmental exposure to phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA), chemicals used in the production of plastics, may increase risk for asthma and allergies. However, little is known about the long-term effects of early life exposure to these compounds.

Infant respiratory infections and later respiratory hospitalisation in childhood

The aim of this study was to use total-population based data on an otherwise healthy population of children to assess the relationship between early...

Prediction of peri-operative adverse respiratory events in children: The role of exhaled nitric oxide.

Increased levels of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) may be a more objective predictor in identifying children at higher risk of peri-operative adverse respiratory...

The influence of sighing respirations on infant lung function measured using multiple breath washout gas mixing techniques

There is substantial interest in studying lung function in infants, to better understand the early life origins of chronic lung diseases such as asthma.

Rationale, design and methods for the 22 year follow-up of the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study

Young adulthood is a critical life period for health and health behaviours.

The 'Can't Intubate Can't Oxygenate' scenario in pediatric anesthesia: A comparison of the Melker cricothyroidotomy kit with a scalpel bougie technique

While the majority of pediatric intubations are uncomplicated, the 'Can't intubate, Can't Oxygenate' scenario (CICO) does occur.