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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL; Leishmania donovani) cases produce interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor in response to soluble leishmanial antigen in whole-blood assays. Using transcriptional profiling, we demonstrate the impact of interleukin-10, a cytokine implicated in VL, on this response.
The recent increase in babies born with brain and eye malformations in Brazil is associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in utero. ZIKV alters host DNA methylation in vitro. Using genome-wide DNA methylation profiling we compared 18 babies born with congenital ZIKV microcephaly with 20 controls. We found ZIKV-associated alteration of host methylation patterns, notably at RABGAP1L which is important in brain development, at viral host immunity genes MX1 and ISG15, and in an epigenetic module containing the causal microcephaly gene MCPH1. Our data support the hypothesis that clinical signs of congenital ZIKV are associated with changes in DNA methylation.
Human microbiota plays a fundamental role in modulating the immune response. Western environment and lifestyle are envisaged to alter the human microbiota with a new microbiome profile established in Chinese immigrants, which fails to prime the immune system. Here, we investigated how differences in composition of oropharyngeal microbiome may contribute to patterns of interaction between the microbiome and immune system in Chinese immigrants living in Australia.
We recently identified C. pseudodiphtheriticum and D. pigrum as the major nasopharyngeal species associated with resistance to recurrent ear infections
Here we focus on the problem of prioritising variants with respect to the observed disease phenotype
We evaluate a meta-taxonomic approach to determine the composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic gut microflora using sequencing of 16S RNA and 18S rRNA
The regulation of Transketolase by oxythiamine and/or vitamin B1 may therefore be associated with response to the modulation of NET formation
The relationship between early life episodes of otitis media and later behavioural development with adjustment for confounders.
Our results provide a possible functional link between Toxoplasma gondii infection and congenital/early life and adult neurological clinical signs
Our data provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning the association of HLA-DRB1 alleles with risk versus protection in visceral leishmaniasis in humans