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An estimated 15 million babies (∼11%) are born preterm each year (before 37 weeks of gestation), the rates of which are increasing worldwide. Enhanced perinatal care, including antenatal corticosteroids, postnatal surfactant and improved respiratory management, have markedly improved survival outcomes since the 1990s, particularly for babies born very preterm (<32 weeks gestation). However, long-term pulmonary sequelae are frequent in preterm survivors and ongoing clinical management is often required.

Right shift of the peripheral oxyhaemoglobin saturation (SpO2) versus inspired oxygen pressure (PIO2) curve is a sensitive marker of pulmonary gas exchange. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on gas exchange and right-to-left shunt in the neonatal period, and its evolution over the first year of life.

This pro-con discussion examines both volatiles and TIVA, from the perspective of effectiveness, safety, cost, and environmental impact,

Strategies to address reasons for and treatment of chronic wet cough and protracted bacterial bronchitis in young Aboriginal children in remote north Western Australia are required

Early viral infections were associated with greater neutrophilic inflammation and bacterial pathogens

Standards and consensus recommendations are presented for manufacturers, clinicians, operators, and researchers

Survivors of CDH may have significant adverse long-term medical and psychosocial issues that would be better recognised and managed in a multidisciplinary clinic

This review examines the consequences of preterm birth on the airway epithelium and explores the clinical relevance of currently available models

Determine whether inhaled albuterol sulfate (salbutamol sulfate) premedication decreases the risk of perioperative respiratory adverse events

These findings suggest the utility of specific FOT outcomes is dependent on the respiratory disease being assessed