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Structural determinants of long term functional outcomes in young children with cystic fibrosisChest CT identifies children at an early age who have adverse long-term outcomes
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Parents’ experience and psychoeducation needs when supporting a young person who self-harmsThe study highlights the need for support for parents and carers of young people who engage in self-harm
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Systematic assessment of tissue dissociation and storage biases in single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-seq workflowsSystematic comparison of recovered cell types and their transcriptional profiles across the workflows has highlighted protocol-specific biase
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Immune function during early adolescence positively predicts adult facial sexual dimorphism in both men and womenOur results support a fundamental assumption that facial sexual dimorphism is an indicator of immune function during the development of facial sexual dimorphism
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Decreased Physical Working Capacity in Adolescents With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associates With Reduced Iron AvailabilityIn a well-defined cohort of adolescents, we found non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to be associated with decreased cardiorespiratory fitness, independent of BMI
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Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis mediaChronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), sometimes referred to as chronic otitis media (COM), is a chronic inflammation and often polymicrobial infection (involving more than one micro-organism) of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, characterised by ear discharge (otorrhoea) through a perforated tympanic membrane.
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Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in a nationally representative sample of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adultsVitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration <50 nmol/l) is recognised as a public health problem globally. The present study details the prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in a nationally representative sample (n 3250) of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults aged ≥18 years. We used data from the 2012-2013 Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (AATSIHS). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem MS.
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In “high-risk” infants with sufficient vitamin d status at birth, infant vitamin D supplementation had no effect on allergy outcomes: A randomized controlled trialEarly infancy oral vitamin D supplementation does not appear to reduce the development of early childhood allergic disease
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Characteristics of TCR Repertoire Associated With Successful Immune Checkpoint Therapy ResponsesImmunotherapies have revolutionized cancer treatment. In particular, immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) leads to durable responses in some patients with some cancers. However, the majority of treated patients do not respond. Understanding immune mechanisms that underlie responsiveness to ICT will help identify predictive biomarkers of response and develop treatments to convert non-responding patients to responding ones. ICT primarily acts at the level of adaptive immunity. The specificity of adaptive immune cells, such as T and B cells, is determined by antigen-specific receptors.
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Equitable Expanded Carrier Screening Needs Indigenous Clinical and Population Genomic DataExpanded carrier screening (ECS) for recessive monogenic diseases requires prior knowledge of genomic variation, including DNA variants that cause disease. The composition of pathogenic variants differs greatly among human populations, but historically, research about monogenic diseases has focused mainly on people with European ancestry. By comparison, less is known about pathogenic DNA variants in people from other pa