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Research

Tryptophan and arginine catabolic enzymes and regulatory cytokines in clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis

Higher IDO and ARG expression in clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis provides one sustained homeostatic mechanism to control multiple sclerosis-associated inflammation

Research

Renal and Cardiovascular Risk According to Tertiles of Urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio: The Adolescent Type 1 Diabetes Cardio-Renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT)

Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratios at the higher end of the normal range at the age of 10-16 years is associated with an increased risk of progression to microalbuminuria

Research

Structure-function relationships of the neisserial EptA enzyme responsible for phosphoethanolamine decoration of lipid A: Rationale for drug targeting

This review concentrates on the phosphoethanolamine decoration of lipid A in the pathogenic species of the genus Neisseria

Research

Airway function in infancy is linked to airflow measurements and respiratory symptoms from childhood into adulthood

Lung airflow measurements track from birth into early adulthood, suggesting a permanent and stable airway framework is laid down in the antenatal period

Research

Reducing harms related to alcohol use in pregnancy – policy and practice recommendations

This issues brief outlines opportunities for change to support reduction of harms related to alcohol use in pregnancy

Research

Influenza epidemiology in patients admitted to sentinel Australian hospitals in 2017: the Influenza Complications Alert Network (FluCAN)

This report summarises the epidemiology of hospitalisations with laboratory-confirmed influenza during the 2017 influenza season

Research

Sleep problems and anxiety from 2 to 8 years and the influence of autistic traits: a longitudinal study

Anxiety and sleep problems may be an early indicator of autism in young children and early autistic traits may also contribute to anxiety problems later in childhood

Research

A Comparison of Pneumococcal Nasopharyngeal Carriage in Very Young Fijian Infants Born by Vaginal or Cesarean Delivery

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage prevalence and density were higher in infants delivered vaginally compared with those delivered by cesarean birth

Research

Long-term medical and psychosocial outcomes in congenital diaphragmatic hernia survivors

Survivors of CDH may have significant adverse long-term medical and psychosocial issues that would be better recognised and managed in a multidisciplinary clinic

Research

Primary prevention of severe lower respiratory illnesses in at-risk infants using the immunomodulator OM-85

The effects of OM-85 were strongest in the first winter season, with a trend for fewer children in the OM-85 group to have sLRIs and URIs