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Association between diesel engine exhaust exposure and lung function in Australian gold minersDiesel engine exhaust exposures were higher in underground miners and had a negative association with their lung function over a single 12-h shift
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The Evolving Landscape of e-Cigarettes: A Systematic Review of Recent EvidenceThis review focuses on smokers and nonsmokers and evaluates the most recent data regarding the potential health effects of e-cigarettes
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Machine Learning-Based DNA Methylation Score for Fetal Exposure to Maternal SmokingFetal exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with the development of noncommunicable diseases in the offspring. Maternal smoking may induce such long-term effects through persistent changes in the DNA methylome, which therefore hold the potential to be used as a biomarker of this early life exposure. With declining costs for measuring DNA methylation, we aimed to develop a DNA methylation score that can be used on adolescent DNA methylation data and thereby generate a score for in utero cigarette smoke exposure.
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Microbiome and Functional Analysis of a Traditional Food Process: Isolation of a Novel Species (Vibrio hibernica) With Industrial PotentialVibrio hibernica is capable of metabolizing a unique carbohydrate profile at low temperatures
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Factors associated with pneumococcal carriage in children and adults in Fiji, using four cross-sectional surveysThis study describes predictors of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage and density in Fiji. We used data from four annual cross-sectional surveys, pre- and post-introduction of ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in October 2012. Infants, toddlers, children, and their caregivers participated. Pneumococci were detected and quantified using lytA qPCR, with molecular serotyping by microarray. Logistic and quantile regression were used to determine predictors of pneumococcal carriage and density, respectively.
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Laryngeal reflex responses in pediatric anesthesiaLaryngeal and respiratory reflexes are vitally important defense mechanisms against foreign body aspiration, safeguarding airway patency, and ventilation
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Parent-observed thematic data on quality of life in children with autism spectrum disorderParent observations provide an initial framework for understanding quality of life in autism spectrum disorder
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Time to tackle rheumatic heart disease: Data needed to drive global policy dialoguesThis report provides an update on the contemporary global and regional policy landscapes relevant to rheumatic heart disease
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Potential for molecular testing for group a streptococcus to improve diagnosis and management in a high-risk population: A prospective studyImplementation of molecular testing could improve antibiotic use in this high-burden setting
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HLA-DR Class II expression on myeloid and lymphoid cells in relation to HLA-DRB1 as a genetic risk factor for visceral leishmaniasisTo understand how HLA-DR contributes to disease pathogenesis, we examined expression at the protein level in circulating myeloid and lymphoid cells of VL patients